A DigitalNZ story by: National Library of New Zealand Topics - Follow the history of gold coal and ironsand mining, and finding pounamu, Examine the conservation and environmental issues around mining. Also covered are types of mining, technology, mining dangers wealth, benefits, and disasters. SCIS no. 1865227
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Hawkeswood Mining's original application drew more than 600 submissions, with only nine against, Andrew Hawkeswood says. That's a curiously large number considering Millers Flat is home to about 100 people. Hawkeswood Mining has already transformed its proposed Central Otago mine site, between February 2021 (top image) and March 2023.
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Alluvial Gold Mining or River Gold Mining. We covered some of the basics of alluvial gold mining in Prospecting For Gold that we shall not revisit here. Instead we will look at more techniques of the river gold miner. Once you have …
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Figure 1. Location maps for the Waikaia placer mine and regional context for alluvial gold. A, The Otago Schist goldfield in the South Island of New Zealand.B, Hillshade topographic image of Central Otago and Eastern Southland goldfields, with locations of principal Cenozoic gold paleoplacers that have formed sources for gold in younger deposits during uplift and …
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Patearoa is an historic gold mining area on the southern edge of the Maniototo Basin.
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Gold eroded from veins has been concentrated in sediments in valleys, basins and coastal plains as alluvial gold deposits in all gold bearing areas of New Zealand. These are often associated with high levels of mercury.
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The early miners worked on a small scale as individuals or small groups on small alluvial claims in active rivers. Modern mining is at a much larger scale and can therefore work ground economically at very low grades.
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A proposed gold mine in Central Otago has taken a significant step forward by obtaining a mining permit, the company's proprietor says. However, resource consents have yet to be gained for the project at Millers Flat.
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It is applying to the district council for land-use consent to establish and operate an alluvial gold-mining operation. It is seeking a five-year duration for the consent. The mine, if approved, would be a low-emissions operation, with a floating dredge and large dump trucks. ... The company will also apply for consents with the Otago Regional ...
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The regional geology is dominated by the Otago Schist belt, a high-grade metamorphic schist, which has a long history of both hard rock and alluvial gold mining. The Otago Schist is divided into structural blocks or zones of increasing metamorphic grade known as; Sub-Greenschist Facies, Lower Greenschist Facies, Upper Greenschist Facies and ...
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Within the wider Otago context, alluvial gold mining was a major industrial activity for over 100 years from 1861, and alluvial workings and tailings are widespread. These not only include ground sluicing tailings (other examples of herringbone tailings are discussed below in Comparative Analysis), but also hydraulic sluicing evidence (for ...
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These are the Martha Mine and Macreas Mine. There are many smaller alluvial mining operations throughout the country that also produce gold. Most are located within the same rich goldfields that were discovered back in the 1860s. Recreational Gold Prospecting . Apart from large-scale mining, New Zealand's gold mining can also be conducted on ...
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The Arrow River was rich in alluvial gold, gold that had been eroded from quartz veins in the surrounding mountains and deposited in the riverbed. This type of mining, known as placer …
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the gold bearing leader of the reef (Parcell 1976:126). During 1866 alluvial mining at Bendigo was declining, the easily won gold was gone and many of the miners had been drawn away to other fields, particularly the West Coast. There was still plenty of alluvial gold left but much of this was in the terraces above the creek and
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A known total of 2 million ounces of gold was taken out of Otago by June 1867. This phase of history had a major impact on the young New Zealand economy as first alluvial, then hard rock …
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In Otago there are two types of gold deposit: Hard-rock deposits, which are hosted in Otago Schist basement rocks and were formed by geological processes deep within the Earth's crust; and alluvial deposits, gold eroded from hard-rock …
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The alluvial gold industry of New Zealand is based on the placer deposits in Otago and on the West Coast. Production from these since discovery in the 1850s has been an estimated 480 t …
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Hawkeswood Mining Limited consent application RM23819 to construct a bore (mine pit pond), to take and use groundwater for the purpose of mine pit pond dewatering (retrospective and proposed), to discharge water containing sediment to water in a bore and to land in a manner that may enter water, to discharge water containing sediment to land for the purpose of trialling pit …
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The Bonanza mine, East Otago is a disused gold mine that operated during the later part of the 19th century. It is a hard rock quartz mine situated about lOkm southeast of Dunback. In the steep schist basement in the area, there are deeply incised valleys. ... To find whether grains of alluvial gold sampled from a 12km length of river change in ...
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A gold-mining operation planned for the edge of the Clutha could cause "irreversible damage" to sacred Kāi Tahu sites and should be declined, planners say. Planners for both the Otago Regional and Central Otago District councils have recommended commissioners decline resource consent for a proposed alluvial gold-mining operation in Millers Flat.
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It is seeking consent to establish and operate an alluvial gold mine in a rural resource area near Roxburgh. In separate reports, released before a two-day hearing in May, Otago Regional Council planner Danielle Ter Huurne and Central Otago District Council planner Olivia Stirling both recommended the mining consent be declined.
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As new technologies are developed former gold mining areas are being re-opened. In the early 1990s, alluvial deposits at Island Block (near Millers Flat), and in the late 1990s at Glenore …
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The gold price was likely to attract new players inexperienced in running alluvial mining sites, he said. The council's latest compliance report shows five goldminers were pinged with enforcement action — usually an infringement …
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All over Central Otago, towns formed first with tents and buildings made of canvas, before taking a more permanent shape. A lot of the settlements in the region date from this period. By the end of 1863 the gold rush was over, …
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Alluvial mining is technically simpler than hard-rock mining, so alluvial mining dominated Otago's gold mining history. Alluvial gold occurs as loose particles in the gravel, and is therefore easy to separate because of the high density of the gold.
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The Central Otago Schist Belt is renowned for the famous Otago gold rush that began in the 1860s, when alluvial gold was discovered in extremely rich Gabriel's Gully, an area located less than 15km to the east of OPQ Gold Exploration Project.Hard rock gold mining followed but stopped in the early 1900s. Since then, very little focused modern exploration has been …
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Hawkeswood Mining managing director Andrew Hawkeswood said he was "over the moon" when told the application for a minerals mining permit from New Zealand Petroleum and Minerals had been successful. Mr Hawkeswood said the alluvial gold mine, if approved, would be a low-emissions operation, because of a floating dredge and large dump trucks.
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Then came the big Otago rush of 1861 and ended when Waiuta closed in 1953. The principal New Zealand goldfields were Coromandel, Nelson/Marlborough, Central Otago and West Coast. The two main types of gold mine were: 'hard rock' quartz mines, and; alluvial mining which included panning and cradling, sluicing and dredging.
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The Waikaia alluvial gold mine is hosted in a Pleistocene paleochannel that is buried beneath younger sediments beside the Waikaia River. The paleochannel sediments were derived ... placer mining in Otago and Southland (Figure 1B,D; Macpherson 1937; Williams 1974; Youngson et al. 2006; Craw 2010, 2013; Craw et al. 2016).
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Most of the early discoveries were of alluvial gold, but quartz reefs were soon found on the West Coast. ... Some mostly small-scale gold mining continues (the open-cast Macraes mine in Central Otago being a notable exception), usually tidying up what remains from the nineteenth century workings, and will gradually fade away. However, the ...
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The gold rushes in Otago and the West Coast in the 1860s led to an influx of prospectors who also began searching other parts of NZ, including Thames and the Kaimai Range. ... flakes (alluvial gold) were found at Te Aroha; then a quartz reef embedded in rock was discovered in Nov 1881. Quartz reefs (veins) in rocks contain minerals which may ...
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A new Central Otago alluvial gold mine is set to be a low-emissions operation, thanks to a large floating dredge and dump trucks, project proponent Hawkeswood Mining says. The company received ...
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The size of claims varied among goldfields, but were usually 24 feet square (53.5 square metres). Miners often teamed up with mates to share claims and workings. Shovel, pan and cradle Gold mining was rough, physical work. Where alluvial gold was very rich, it could be obtained with a shovel and pan. However, pans were used mainly for prospecting.
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As good as gold; Where you find it; Otago; West Coast; Coromandel Peninsula; Other goldfields; Methods of mining; Dredging; Miners; Māori and Chinese miners; Recent mining; Gold and the economy. In the 19th century discovering gold was a way out of poverty. ... Alluvial gold comes from the rocks once they have been worn down to sand and gravel ...
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The early records of hydraulic elevator and bucket ladder dredging in the Clutha River system indicate the success of that era of alluvial gold mining in Otago. This paper …
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Once the easy alluvial gold had been won, mining became mechanised and sluicing claims began. Working deeper alluvial leads required cooperation, the amalgamation of claims, and …
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