The Bayer red mud (RM) and phosphogypsum (PG) accumulation have caused significant environmental contamination. However, practical and effective resource utilization technologies are still lacking currently. This work aims to develop ferric sulfoaluminate cement (FSAC) employing low-cost materials including Bayer red mud, phosphogypsum, and other …
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073
Field evaluation of in situ remediation of a heavy metal contaminated soil using lime and red-mud: Environmental pollution: 323: 2006: ... Removal of chlorophenols from wastewater using red mud: an aluminum industry waste. Environ. Sci. Technol., 38 (2004), pp. 4012-4018, 10.1021/es049539d. View in Scopus Google Scholar [70]
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073
A new kind of alkali–slag–red mud cementitious (ASRC) material, with both high early and ultimate strength and excellent resistance against chemical attacks, has been developed by the ...
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073
Red mud, also known as bauxite residue, is an insoluble byproduct generated from the extraction of alumina from bauxite during the Bayer process (Fig. 1), a crucial step in the manufacturing …
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073
The principal components of red mud are iron, aluminum, and other metal elements existing as oxides, exhibiting a high degree of similarity. Consequently, the recovery of iron, aluminum, and other metals from red mud by pyrometallurgical methods is a widely accepted recovery method, and related research is also the most numerous and in-depth.
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073
Red mud is a strong alkaline solid waste pollutant produced in the process of aluminum smelting, which causes great pollution to the regional groundwater environment due to its high content of ...
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073
The utilization of red mud as a partial substitute for traditional materials in roadbed construction presents a promising solution for the large-scale consumption of this waste …
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073
Red mud is a solid waste residue of the digestion of bauxite ores with caustic soda for alumina production. Its disposal remains a worldwide issue in terms of environmental concerns.
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073
1. Introduction. As the second most important metal after steel, aluminum and its alloys are widely used in construction, transportation, electrical appliances, machinery, and other industries due to their excellent properties [].At present, 95% of the world's aluminum companies use the Bayer process to treat bauxite ore in order to produce alumina and then to obtain aluminum metal …
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073
In order to explore the characteristics and sources of heavy metal pollution in cultivated soil around a red mud yard in Chongqing, the content and spatial distribution characteristics of eight heavy metal elements （Cd, Cr, Hg, Ni, Pb, As, Cu, and Zn） in the soil were analyzed, and the single factor pollution index method and Nemerow …
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073
The company estimates that the red mud from a single aluminum refinery can lock up 70,000 tons of CO 2 per year, equivalent to taking more than 15,000 cars off the road. Yet these glimmers of progress could fade, …
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073
This study provides a comprehensive evaluation of red mud as a sustainable material for road base construction, particularly in combination with bottom ash. Red mud, a by-product of the Bayer process used in alumina extraction, is known for its high alkalinity and heavy metal content. For this reason, this waste material causes environmental challenges. Red mud …
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073
Aluminum (Al) is mostly produced from bauxite ore, which contains up to 70% of Al(2)O(3) (alumina). Before alumina is refined to aluminum metal, it is purified by hot alkaline extraction. As a waste by-product red mud is formed. Due to its high alkalinity and large quantities, it represents a severe …
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073
Open-air storage yard of red mud. Following alumina production processes, red mud can be categorized into red mud from the Bayer process, red mud from the sintering process, and red mud from the combined process [10,11].There are some differences in the physical properties and chemical compositions of red mud produced from different bauxite sources and alumina …
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073
Long-term stability and safety of red mud disposal field is very important for the local residents' life, which necessitates the knowledge of its creep behavior. Through the improved triaxial creep apparatus, a series of triaxial drained creep tests were conducted. The results indicate that the creep behavior of BRM is significant with confining and deviatoric stresses …
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073
The purpose of this study was to investigate the distribution pattern, pollution status and potential ecological risk of Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, As, Cd, Sb, and Pb in soils and dominant plants around an abandoned red mud (RM) slag yard in Southwestern China. Soils exhibited representative enrichment and combination characteristics of these metals compared to the …
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073
Red mud is a by-product of the aluminum manufacturing industry, with approximately 1–2 tons generated for every ton of Al 2 O 3 produced [1].The annual increase in red mud is 175.5 million tons [2].Additionally, as high-quality bauxite continues to be exploited, the use of lower-grade bauxites in aluminum production has led to a rise in the yearly production …
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073
Improper management of the pollutants in the atmosphere cause numerous environmental problems. Red mud/bauxite residue is one of the industrial solid wastes generated during the extraction of ...
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073
In recent years, industrial waste and agrochemicals have reduced soil fertility and productivity, significantly impacting food security and ecosystems. In China, areas near red mud deposits from the aluminum industry show severe heavy metal contamination. This study examines agricultural soil near a …
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073
In this work, a collaborative strategy for the aluminum and iron industry based on red mud recycling through the hydrometallurgy method was proposed. In this method, Fe3+ and Al3+ were firstly separated from the red mud by using H2SO4 as a leaching agent, which was by-produced from the sintering process of an iron and steel industry. Multiple influence factors on …
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073
Red mud pollution, is bauxite residue. It is a toxic byproduct left over when alumina (aluminium oxide) is extracted from its ore, bauxite, in order to produce aluminium metal in the …
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073
Abstract: Red mud is a strong alkaline solid waste pollutant produced in the process of aluminum smelting, which causes great pollution to the regional groundwater environment due to its high
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073
Red mud is a product of the Bayer process during the production of alumina (Hairi et al., 2015).As the temperature and pressure increases, the solubility of red mud decreases with sodium hydroxide (Nie et al., 2016).Its composition depends upon its parent material from which it is produced (Liu and Wu, 2012).It is present in the form of slurry having 10–30% solid materials …
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073
Red mud (abbreviated as RM) is a solid waste formed during the alumina refining process from bauxite. Every year, over 200 million tons of RM are discharged worldwide. China is a large producer of ...
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073
This study systematically reveals the current status and sources of heavy metal pollution in a red mud dump and surrounding soil in a region of Shanxi Province. By …
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073
In China, areas near red mud deposits from the alu-minum industry show severe heavy metal contami-nation. This study examines agricultural soil near a red mud site in Shanxi Province, analyzing Cd, Cr, Hg, Ni, Pb, As, Cu, and Zn levels and distribu-tion. Geostatistical methods and GIS are utilized to assess heavy metal pollution using the ...
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073
Red mud is a highly alkaline slurry [], is called red mud because it contains too much iron oxide and has a similar appearance to red mud.The raw red mud has very fine grain size, complicated mineral composition, high content of heavy metals, strong alkaline, and corrosive properties, so it has caused serious environmental pollution [].The global urbanization and industrialization …
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073
Similarly, in January 2018, another disaster occurred in Belem, Brazil. A powerful rain caused red mud storage overflows, contaminating soil and threatening drinking water by high levels of lead and aluminium [55]. The red mud also can be converted into a dry cake as pressure filters reduce its moisture content.
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073
Red mud is a solid waste of bauxite processing by Bayer process which involves caustic digestion of Al-containing mineral for alumina production. The global inventory of red mud waste reached an estimated amount of 4 billion tons in 2015, increasing at …
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073
Red Mud is produced during the Bayer Process. With this process, we can extract the aluminum (oxy)hydroxides from bauxites and get alumina, which eventually can be smelted and give aluminum. Bayer Process . In 1888, …
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073
On October 2010, in Western Hungary, one of the dykes of a red mud reservoir of an aluminium processing factory breached and more than 1.3 million m 3 of toxic sludge broke free, flooding the surrounding area (Szépvölgyi, 2011).This event destroyed nearly 1000 hectares of land, including nearby rivers, where practically all aquatic life was destroyed (Mayes et al., …
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073
Red mud (abbreviated as RM) is a solid waste formed during the alumina refining process from bauxite. Every year, over 200 million tons of RM are discharged worldwide. …
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073
At every stage of aluminum production, starting from open cast Bauxite mining to caustic soda leach Bayer's Alumina refining process to the fluoride fused salt electrolytic …
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073