Bentonite consists mainly of the clay mineral montmorillonite which has a high swelling capacity. The montmorillonite layers form a three-dimensional network. The faces of the layer are negatively charged, whereas the edges carry positive charges.
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Dispersion and coagulation of allophane was understood based on the charge of the surface functional groups. Dispersion of allophane was only possible at pH < 5 where the aluminol groups became positive and at low ionic strength (critical coagulation concentrations (CCC) < 10 mmol/L NaCl).
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Bentonite is commonly used as a drilling fluid additive for viscosity control during drilling of oil wells. Rheological behaviour of bentonite suspensions is very complex and it is very difficult...
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Charge Attraction: The interaction between charged particles. Oppositely charged particles attract each other, while like-charged particles repel each other. Colloidal Particles: Particles whose size is so small that they naturally disperse in a liquid and do not settle. Disperse: To distribute evenly throughout a medium.
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KUNIPIA and SUMECTON are negatively charged (-) on the unit layer faces and positively charged (+) on the edges. After sufficiently dispersing in water and then let to stand, the negatively charged layer faces and the positively charged edges attract each other to form a steric association structure due to bonding between the layer faces and edges.
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Bentonite is a naturally occuring aluminium silicate clay which can take up several times its own weight of water to form a highly thixotropic colloidal suspension or gel. The gel structure is derived from the hydrogen bonds which develop between the clay particles (or platelets).
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The vessel is charged with water and the Silverson mixer is started, creating vigorous in-tank agitation. The bentonite is added and rapidly dispersed into the water. The high speed rotation of the rotor creates a powerful suction which draws the water and clay up from the base of the vessel into the workhead.
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In aqueous dispersion of bentonite, each layer of bentonite carries permanent negative charge on the face due to isomorphic substitution but the charge on the edges of layers depend on the pH of bentonite dispersion.
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While in aqueous clay dispersions, the solid phase in the system composes of charged and disk-shaped nano-particles. Their faces carry permanently negative charges, and edges carry variable charges depending on the pH of …
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The CPAMs adsorb onto the negatively charged surface of bentonite particles via electrostatic attractive forces neutralizing the net surface charge. This phenomenon is reflected by a steady decrease in the negative zeta potential, with the surface charge gradually approaching a net charge of zero.
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