In order to reduce the circulation of arsenic in the smelting system and the influence on the quality of antimony products, arsenic in the crude NaHCO 3 was removed by washing before conversion of NaHCO 3 product. ... One-step synthesis of magnetic composites of cellulose@iron oxide nanoparticles for arsenic removal. J. Mater. Chem. A., 1 (2013 ...
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The reduction smelting of antimony oxide from the blast furnace was carried out in the cupellation furnace, and it aimed to reduce the gold content in antimony oxide. Refined antimony was obtained by reducing, smelting, and refining the antimony oxide from cupellation furnace to remove arsenic and lead.
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Antimony has become an increasingly critical element in recent years, due to a surge in industrial demand and the Chinese domination of primary production. Antimony is produced from stibnite ore (Sb2O3) which is processed into antimony metal and antimony oxide (Sb2O3). The industrial importance of antimony is mainly derived from its use as flame …
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The presence of arsenic (As) in crude antimony xide (Sb2O3) impedes the Sb recovery and results in an environmental issue. Selective As removal from crude antimony xide would therefore ...
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The current processes for producing high-purity antimony include electrolytic refining, chlorination-distillation-reduction, straight-pull purification, and regional smelting [10].Among these processes, the electrolytic refining method can produce 4 N antimony; however, electrolysis conditions are harsh, and the process produces the highly toxic gases AsH 3 and …
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The usage of copper (Cu) ores containing low or no arsenic (As) has reduced, and Cu ores containing high levels of As have emerged as vital mineral resources for Cu extraction and processing. The quality of the Cu ores has decreased from 1.6% to approximately 1.0%. The proportion of As to Cu in 15% of Cu resources currently reaches 1:5. However, during the …
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This includes three processes: pre-smelting treatment of tin concentrate, reduction smelting, and crude tin refining. Pre-Smelting Treatment of Tin Concentrate. The processes such as roasting, magnetic separation, leaching, and sintering are used to reduce or remove the impurities such as sulfur, arsenic, antimony, lead, iron, and tungsten.
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Bismuth is a metal element located in the sixth period and fifth main group of the periodic table. At room temperature, pure bismuth does not oxidize easily and appears silvery-white, yet bismuth crystals are formed by slow cooling and crystallization from a molten state, the growth rate of bismuth at the outer edge is faster than at the inner edges, leading to the …
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for oxygen (Table 3), antimony losses occur in the slag phase during the tin-removing fire refining, they are especially large when with deep removal of tin. The electrolytic method for antimony refining to remove lead is economically justified on condition that Table 1. Metal antimony quality indicators (Hsikwangshan Twinkling StarCo., Ltd)[1 ...
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The chemical compositions are listed in Table 2.The main elements in crude arsenic are arsenic and antimony, whose contents are 96.33% and 1.86%, respectively, in addition to a small amount of ... (0.1–200 Pa) on efficiency of arsenic volatilization and antimony removal is shown in Fig. 12. Argon was introduced to control the system pressure. ...
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11.2.2 Structure and properties of antimony. Antimony is a metalloid residing in the fourth row of group 15A in the periodic table between arsenic and bismuth. It has four oxidation states: Sb(− 3), (0), (+ 3), (+ 5) and two stable isotopes of atomic weights 121 (57%) and 123 (43%). Antimony in its elemental form is a silvery white, brittle, fusible, crystalline solid that …
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Arsenic is removed in the refining process of crude antimony in traditional antimony smelting, which produces a lot of arsenic-alkali-residue (AAR). This study proposes …
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The general rule is as follows: when the content of arsenic and antimony is high, arsenic and antimony must be first removed by oxidation refining; when the content of tellurium and silver is high, priority should be given to enrichment for recovery; when the content of arsenic, antimony, and tellurium is low, the oxidation refining and ...
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Arsenic, a significant impurity in high-purity antimony xide (Sb 2 O 3), has historically been challenging to eliminate efficiently. This paper introduces a novel …
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Firstly, under the action of reducing agent the crude antimony oxide is used, and is reduced and smelted into 30.5 tons of crude antimony, the crude antimony contains 0.23% of arsenic and 0.018% of selenium, and by using the known method of removing arsenic by oxidation of soda ash, 2300kg of soda ash is added in batches 4 times, the refining ...
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Antimony smelting arsenic-alkali residue is an arsenic-containing waste residue produced in the refining process of crude antimony by adding alkali to remove arsenic, and its main components are sodium carbonate and sodium arsenate (Guo et al., 2014; Long et al., 2020).Our previous study has disposed of arsenic-alkali residue through leaching, …
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In the same study, it was referred that a 20 ppm arsenic solution can be treated with 5 g of laterite and arsenic level down to 10 ppb in 10 min. Raul et al. (2014) studied As(III) removal by non-magnetic polycrystalline iron oxide hydroxide nanoparticle, with flower like morphology, and achieved 475 μg/g adsorption from a 500 μg/L solution ...
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Sodium nitrate was used as the oxidizing agent HSC thermochemistry software was used to determine the feasibility of these reagents for the removal of arsenic, antimony, and tin from crude lead. The chemical analyses of these experiments are shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3.
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Experiments were carried out to remove arsenic from antimony xide by two techniques: first, by selectively volatilizing the more volatile arsenic xide from a mixed oxide sample; and, …
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Conventionally, several drawbacks worsened the process from A–BAW to higher pure antimony product in pyrometallurgy of jamesonite. In volatilization roasting, removal efficiency of As 2 O 3 was less than 71.00 %, leading to more than 1.50 % of As still remained in crude antimony xide even at more than 600 °C (Brooks and Rankin, 1994, Ling et al., 2022).
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The presence of arsenic (As) in crude antimony xide (Sb2O3) impedes the Sb recovery and results in an environmental issue. Selective As removal from crude antimony xide would therefore enable using this residue in commercial Sb2O3 production. This work uses a nitric acid leaching method to remove As from crude antimony xide. Arsenic oxide and antimony …
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purification of lead in this research means mainly removing antimony Sb, arsenic As and tin Sn by oxidation process. The research gets antimony as reference point because of its bad effect on battery electrical characteristics. The lead is reduced from battery scrap in a rotary furnace to produce crude lead bullion. The
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The pyrometallurgical routes consist of roasting, oxide volatilization and then carbothermic reduction of Sb 2 O 3 or – in the case of Sb-rich ores ... Method for removal of lead and arsenic in crude antimony vacuum refining process. CN104328289A (2014) Google Scholar [10] Y. Dai, B. Yang.
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Antimony xide – Overview Antimony xide Chemical Formula Antimony xide is an inorganic compound with the formula Sb2O3. It appears white in color and it is an odourless white crystalline powder, sparingly soluble in water. It is the most important compound prepared from antimony. It is found in nature and extracted from the minerals valentinite … Product Read …
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The refining of crude antimony often use Na 2 CO 3 to remove arsenic in the process of antimony smelting (Peng, 2013). In this study, alkali in arsenic-alkali residue was recovered in the form of NaHCO 3, while NaHCO 3 has the property of being easily decomposed and converted into Na 2 CO 3 by heating (Chen et al., 2017, Hartman et al., 2013 ...
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The depth-separation of arsenic from antimony is crucial for achieving high-purity antimony metal. Chlorinated distillation has shown to effectively lower arsenic levels to just a few ppm, making …
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After washing and thermal decomposition of crude NaHCO 3, the obtained Na 2 CO 3 product can be used as the reagent of arsenic removal in the refining process of crude antimony. In the process of deep alkali removal, compared with the direct treatment, the consumption of H 2 SO 4 after twice alkali recovery was markedly reduced from the arsenic ...
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The presence of arsenic (As) in crude antimony xide (Sb 2 O 3) impedes the Sb recovery and results in an environmental issue. Selective As removal from crude antimony xide would therefore enable using this residue in commercial Sb 2 O 3 production. This work uses a nitric acid leaching method to remove As from crude antimony xide.
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This invention relates to a dry refining process for the removal of arsenic, antimony, tin and other acid oxide forming elements from molten copper by combining the acid oxides of such...
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Then, arsenic in the lead-antimony crude alloy is removed by the alkali method in the form of arsenate; finally, air or oxygen-enriched air is blown on the surface of the molten …
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This work uses a nitric acid leaching method to remove As from crude antimony xide. Arsenic oxide and antimony oxide are respectively converted to soluble H3AsO4 and insoluble antimony(III ...
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Ye et al. assessed the part played in the smelting reduction of antimony oxide by the FeO-SiO 2-CaO-Na 2 O low melting point slag system. 41 The raw material ... making it easier for the Na 2 S leaching to remove antimony from the mineral. 52 The following is the ... arsenic in the lead-antimony crude alloy is removed by the alkali method in ...
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The antimony and lead contents in the slag can thus be reduced to 2.8 wt.% and 0.1 wt.%, respectively. Second, the conventional method of alkaline refining is adopted to remove arsenic from the crude alloy, and arsenic content in the …
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The most predominant forms of arsenic and antimony in the environment are the inorganic species (iAs, iSb) found in two main oxidation states: trivalent (As(III), Sb(III)) and pentavalent (As(V), Sb(V)), which are most commonly combined with sulfur, oxygen and/or iron (Pintor et al., 2018; Qi and Pichler, 2017).The more oxidized species are usually found under …
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Thermodynamic theory was employed in this study to investigate the feasibility of separating antimony (Sb) from crude arsenic (As) using vacuum sublimation. Ab initio molecular …
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The powdery crude antimony xide is reduced by a carbonaceous reductant in a reverberatory furnace at 1,000–1,200 °C to produce crude antimony. Crude antimony can be produced by the precipitation smelting process. The typical pyrometallurgical antimony production process using sulfide ore is shown in Fig. 1.
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Experiments were carried out to remove arsenic from antimony xide by two techniques: first, by selectively volatilizing the more volatile arsenic xide from a mixed oxide sample; and, second, by selectively condensing the less volatile antimony tetroxide at high temperatures, leaving arsenic xide to condense out at a lower temperature. Thermodynamic analysis of the As-Sb …
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This approach thus faces a delicate balance between effective impurity removal and the reduction of antimony resource waste. The chloride-mediated approach has shown considerable promise for arsenic removal in antimony purification [27], [28]. It can directly yield 5 N-grade antimony oxide with extremely low arsenic content (As < 1 ppm) [29 ...
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The basis of the concentrate is sodium hexahydroxoantimonate or mineral mopungite. Upon reduction of the concentrate with coke, ground antimony containing 0.34% arsenic was obtained.
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